Various levers are available to stakeholders to achieve this objective: technical levers with the optimization of air traffic and ground operations, new designs and economical engines, the change of energy vectors (hydrogen, electricity) and fuels for sustainable aviation (CAD or SAF). The latter represents 65% of the decarbonization potential of the sector and is therefore the priority for manufacturers and their ecosystems.
Although SAFs are the major technical lever for the decarbonization of aeronautics, their development alone will not allow complete decarbonization and must therefore be considered in a set of technical solutions and societal changes.
The study analyzes the 24 types of SAF conforming to the ASTM standard derived from biomass (biofuels) and the consequences of their use on other sectors of activity, human communities and the environment. E-fuels, produced from synthetic carbon and hydrogen, are outside the scope of this study.
The document includes recommendations by geographical area summarizing each area of analysis: regulatory, economic, social, environmental, industrial, and agricultural competition.
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